SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Launch Control Center</title>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Launch Control Center</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Launch Control Center at Kennedy Space Center. For underground facilities used to launch ICBMs, see <a href="Missile_launch_control_center" title="Missile launch control center">Missile launch control center</a>. For other topics, see <a href="Launch_control_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Launch control (disambiguation)">launch control (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:1px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Launch Control Center</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">LC-39</a> Launch Control Center</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1291884410">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap img{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap img{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.894%;left:89.444%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Launch Control Center"></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Florida</span></div></div></div><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:80.854%;left:79.244%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Launch Control Center"></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the United States</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Nearest city</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="Titusville%2C_Florida" title="Titusville, Florida">Titusville, Florida</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><span class=" nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="geo:28.585277777777776,-80.64972222222222"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°35′7″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°38′59″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.58528°N 80.64972°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.58528; -80.64972</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Area</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">12,047 m<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Built</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1967</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;"><a href="Multiple_Property_Submission" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple Property Submission">MPS</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="John_F._Kennedy_Space_Center_MPS" title="John F. Kennedy Space Center MPS">John F. Kennedy Space Center MPS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/99001645">99001645</a><sup id="cite_ref-nris_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span data-sort-value="000000002000-01-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">January 21, 2000</span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>Rocco A. Petrone Launch Control Center</b> (commonly known as just the <b>Launch Control Center</b> or <b>LCC</b>) is a four-story building at <a href="NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s <a href="Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a> on <a href="Merritt_Island%2C_Florida" title="Merritt Island, Florida">Merritt Island, Florida</a>, used to manage <a href="Rocket_launch" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket launch">launches</a> of <a href="Launch_vehicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch vehicles">launch vehicles</a> from <a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39</a>. Attached to the southeast corner of the <a href="Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a>, the LCC contains offices; <a href="Telemetry" title="Telemetry">telemetry</a>, tracking, and instrumentation equipment; and firing rooms.

</p><p>LCC has conducted launches since the <a href="Unmanned" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmanned">unmanned</a> <a href="Apollo_4" title="Apollo 4">Apollo 4</a> (Apollo-Saturn 501) launch on November 9, 1967. LCC's first launch with a <a href="Manned_spaceflight" class="mw-redirect" title="Manned spaceflight"> human crew</a> was <a href="Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Apollo 8</a> on December 21, 1968. NASA's <a href="Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a> also used LCC. NASA has renovated the center for <a href="Space_Launch_System" title="Space Launch System">Space Launch System</a> (SLS) missions, which began in 2022 with <a href="Artemis_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis 1">Artemis 1</a>. In February 2022, the center was renamed after former director of launch operations <a href="Rocco_Petrone" title="Rocco Petrone">Rocco A. Petrone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Firing_rooms">Firing rooms</h2></div>

<p>Launch operations are supervised and controlled from several <a href="Control_room" title="Control room">control rooms</a> known as "firing rooms". The controllers are in control of pre-launch checks, the <a href="Booster_(rocketry)" title="Booster (rocketry)">booster</a> and spacecraft. Once the rocket has cleared the <a href="Service_structure" title="Service structure">launch tower</a> (usually within the first 10–15 seconds), is when control is switched over to the mission's mission control center (the <a href="Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center</a> at the <a href="Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a> in <a href="Houston%2C_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Houston, Texas">Houston, Texas</a> for NASA launches or <a href="SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> Mission Control Center in <a href="Hawthorne%2C_California" title="Hawthorne, California">Hawthorne, California</a> for SpaceX launches.)

</p><p>Extensive renovation of Firing Room 4 was finished in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Firing Room 4 was leased by <a href="SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> and serves as their launch control center for <a href="Launch_Complex_39A" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch Complex 39A">Launch Complex 39A</a> until August 2023 when the company moved into its own facility just before the launch of the <a href="SpaceX_Crew-7" title="SpaceX Crew-7">Crew-7</a> mission.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Key_personnel">Key personnel</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch_Director_(LD)">Launch Director (LD)</h3></div>

<p>The Launch Director is the head of the launch team, and is responsible for making the final "go" or "no go" decision for launch after polling the relevant team members. There have been eight different Space Shuttle launch directors between 1981 and 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flow_Director_(FD)">Flow Director (FD)</h3></div>

<p>The Flow Director is responsible for the preparation of the spacecraft for launch, and remains in the LCC in an advisory capacity.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NASA_Test_Director_(NTD)">NASA Test Director (NTD)</h3></div>

<p>The NASA Test Director is responsible for all pre-launch testing, whether involving the flight crew, the orbiter, the external tank/solid rocket booster, or ground support equipment. The NTD is also responsible for the safety of all personnel on the pad after fuelling has occurred. Reports to the Launch Director.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Orbiter_Test_Conductor_(OTC)">Orbiter Test Conductor (OTC)</h3></div>

<p>The Orbiter Test Conductor is in charge of all pre-flight checkout and testing of the orbiter, and manages the engineers in the firing room who monitor the orbiter's systems. OTC is an employee of a contractor rather than of NASA.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tank/Booster_Test_Conductor_(TBC)">Tank/Booster Test Conductor (TBC)</h3></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Payload_Test_Conductor_(PTC)">Payload Test Conductor (PTC)</h3></div>

<p>The Payload Test Conductor is responsible for the pre-flight test and checkout of payloads carried by the orbiter and manages the engineering and test teams responsible for monitoring and controlling payload ground operations. PTC is a contractor member of the Space Shuttle Team.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch_Processing_System_Coordinator_(LPS)">Launch Processing System Coordinator (LPS)</h3></div>

<p>The LPS Coordinator monitors and oversees the LPS System; specifically, the desired launch rate, Space Shuttle <i>stacking</i> (assembly), and all safety requirements. This is made possible by the <a href="Launch_Processing_System" title="Launch Processing System">Launch Processing System</a>, or LPS — a highly automated, computer-controlled system that oversees the entire checkout and launch process.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_Test_Manager_(STM)">Support Test Manager (STM)</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Safety_Console_Coordinator_(SAFETY)">Safety Console Coordinator (SAFETY)</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shuttle_Project_Engineer_(SPE)">Shuttle Project Engineer (SPE)</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landing_and_Recovery_Director_(LRD)">Landing and Recovery Director (LRD)</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="No_Landing_and_Recovery_Director_(NLRD)">No Landing and Recovery Director (NLRD)</h3></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Superintendent_of_Range_Operations_(SRO)">Superintendent of Range Operations (SRO)</h3></div>

<p>The Superintendent of Range Operations ensures that all tracking and communications systems are ready to support the launch operation as well as ensuring that downrange airspace and splashdown areas remain clear for launch, and monitors weather near the launch site.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ground_Launch_Sequencer_Engineer_(CGLS)">Ground Launch Sequencer Engineer (CGLS)</h3></div>

<p>The Ground Launch Sequencer Engineer is responsible for monitoring the operation of the automated Ground Launch Sequencer system, which controls the countdown from T−9 minutes until launch. After this point through to T−31 seconds, they are in charge of implementing a manual hold if necessary. After T−31 seconds only an automatic cutoff is available. The automatic cutoff recycles the countdown clock to T−20 minutes. Usually this will extend the launch time beyond the launch window causing a scrub and a 24-hour turnaround.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2></div>

<div class="gallerytext">Interior of the recently renovated firing room 1 in 2018.</div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1410px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto;direction:rtl"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div align="center">Wide angle panorama of the Launch Control Center.</div></div></div></div>

<ul><li><a href="Ground_station" title="Ground station">Ground station</a></li>

<li><a href="Launch_status_check" title="Launch status check">Launch status check</a></li>

<li><a href="Mission_control_center" title="Mission control center">Mission control center</a></li>

<li><a href="Spacecraft_naming" title="Spacecraft naming">Spacecraft naming</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/NRHP">"National Register Information System"</a>. <i><a href="National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a></i>. <a href="National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. July 9, 2010.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCawley2022" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Cawley, James (22 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-kennedy-s-control-center-named-for-apollo-era-launch-director">"NASA Kennedy's Control Center Named for Apollo-Era Launch Director"</a>. <i>NASA</i> (Press release)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/714795main_firing-rooms.pdf">"Firing Rooms at Kennedy Space Center"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2019-09-24.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-astronauts-launch-from-america-in-historic-test-flight-of-spacex-crew-dragon">"NASA Astronauts Launch from America in Historic Test Flight of SpaceX Crew Dragon"</a> (Press release). NASA. May 30, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 1,</span> 2020</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite id="CITEREFClark2023" class="citation web cs1">Clark, Stephen [@StephenClark1] (July 25, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/StephenClark1/status/1683897865284853760">"A couple bits of info from the Crew-7 preview news conference: SpaceX has begun using a new launch control center at the company's Hangar X facility at KSC for Starlink missions. It'll be used to control the Falcon Heavy/Jupiter 3 launch Wednesday night, then again for Crew-7"</a> (<a href="Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2024</span> – via <a href="Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/space-shuttle-launch-directors.pdf">"History of Space Shuttle Launch Directors"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. NASA<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200924185515/https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lps.html">"NASA: <i>KSC Launch Control Center</i>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lps.html">the original</a> on 2020-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-12</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-lcc.html#sts-ksc-lps">Launch Control Center</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161018185046/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-lcc.html#sts-ksc-lps">Archived</a> 2016-10-18 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lcc.html">Launch Control Center</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080619073050/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lcc.html">Archived</a> 2008-06-19 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Main page.</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/countdown/launch-team.html">Launch Team</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150619025300/http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/countdown/launch-team.html">Archived</a> 2015-06-19 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .infobox .side-box{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="side-box side-box-right sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style>

<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Launch_Control_Center" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Launch Control Center">Launch Control Center</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apollolaunchcontrol.com/v20test/http___www.apollolaunchcontrol.com_/Firing_Rooms.html">History of the Firing Rooms</a> at the Launch Control Center</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_US/apollo/ksc/LCC/LCC%20dessin%20coupe%20dessus.jpg">Floor plan layout of the Firing Rooms</a> at the Launch Control Center</li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/firing_room_4_f.html">New Launch Control Room Ready for STS-121 Liftoff</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210729085155/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/behindscenes/firing_room_4_f.html">Archived</a> 2021-07-29 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lps.html">KSC Launch Processing System</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200924185515/https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/facilities/lps.html">Archived</a> 2020-09-24 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_Space_Center46" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="Kennedy_Space_Center46" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Payload manufacture<br>and processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Multi-Payload_Processing_Facility" title="Multi-Payload Processing Facility">Multi-Payload Processing Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Operations_and_Checkout_Building" title="Operations and Checkout Building">Operations and Checkout Building</a></li>

<li><a href="Payload_Hazardous_Servicing_Facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility">Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Systems_Processing_Facility" title="Space Systems Processing Facility">Space Systems Processing Facility</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Launch_Complex_39" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Crawler-transporter" title="Crawler-transporter">Crawler-transporter</a></li>

<li><a href="Crawlerway" title="Crawlerway">Crawlerway</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_launcher_platform" title="Mobile launcher platform">Mobile launcher platform</a></li>

<li><a href="Orbiter_Processing_Facility" title="Orbiter Processing Facility">Orbiter Processing Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Launch_Complex_39_Press_Site" title="Launch Complex 39 Press Site">Press Site</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Rotation%2C_Processing_and_Surge_Facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Rotation, Processing and Surge Facility">Rotation, Processing and Surge Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Shuttle_Landing_Facility" title="Shuttle Landing Facility">Shuttle Landing Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Visitor_Complex" title="Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex">Visitor Complex</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_48" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 48">Launch Complex 48</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NASA_facilities111" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="NASA_facilities111" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> facilities</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="NASA_Headquarters" title="NASA Headquarters">NASA Headquarters</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Primary 10 centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Space flight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" title="Goddard Space Flight Center">Goddard Space Flight Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a></li>

<li><a href="Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Mission Control</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Receiving_Laboratory" title="Lunar Receiving Laboratory">Lunar Receiving Laboratory</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Sample_Laboratory_Facility" title="Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility">Lunar Sample Laboratory</a></li>

<li><a href="Astromaterials_Research_and_Exploration_Science_Directorate" title="Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate">Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science Directorate</a></li>

<li><a href="Neutral_Buoyancy_Laboratory" title="Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory">Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Environment_Simulation_Laboratory" title="Space Environment Simulation Laboratory">Space Environment Simulation Laboratory</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a>

<li><a href="Central_Instrumentation_Facility" title="Central Instrumentation Facility">Central Instrumentation Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Shuttle_Landing_Facility" title="Shuttle Landing Facility">Shuttle Landing Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Operations_and_Checkout_Building" title="Operations and Checkout Building">Operations and Checkout Building</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Railroad" title="NASA Railroad">NASA Railroad</a></li>

<li><a href="Crawler-transporter" title="Crawler-transporter">Crawler-transporter</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Marshall_Space_Flight_Center" title="Marshall Space Flight Center">Marshall Space Flight Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Neutral_Buoyancy_Simulator" title="Neutral Buoyancy Simulator">Neutral Buoyancy Simulator</a></li>

<li><a href="Propulsion_and_Structural_Test_Facility" title="Propulsion and Structural Test Facility">Propulsion and Structural Test Facility</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Stennis_Space_Center" title="Stennis Space Center">Stennis Space Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ames_Research_Center" title="Ames Research Center">Ames Research Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Armstrong_Flight_Research_Center" title="Armstrong Flight Research Center">Armstrong Flight Research Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Glenn_Research_Center" title="Glenn Research Center">Glenn Research Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rocket_Engine_Test_Facility" title="Rocket Engine Test Facility">Rocket Engine Test Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Power_Facility" title="Space Power Facility">Space Power Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Spacecraft_Propulsion_Research_Facility" title="Spacecraft Propulsion Research Facility">Spacecraft Propulsion Research Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Zero_Gravity_Research_Facility" title="Zero Gravity Research Facility">Zero Gravity Research Facility</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Langley_Research_Center" title="Langley Research Center">Langley Research Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Lunar_Landing_Research_Facility" title="Lunar Landing Research Facility">Lunar Landing Research Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Orbit_and_Landing_Approach" title="Lunar Orbit and Landing Approach">Lunar Orbit and Landing Approach</a></li>

<li><a href="Rendezvous_Docking_Simulator" title="Rendezvous Docking Simulator">Rendezvous Docking Simulator</a></li>

<li><a href="Reduced_Gravity_Walking_Simulator" title="Reduced Gravity Walking Simulator">Reduced Gravity Walking Simulator</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Task_Group" title="Space Task Group">Space Task Group</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Carnarvon_Tracking_Station" title="Carnarvon Tracking Station">Carnarvon Tracking Station</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Deep_Space_Network" title="NASA Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a>

<ul><li><a href="Goldstone_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex">Goldstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid</a></li>

<li><a href="Canberra_Deep_Space_Communication_Complex" title="Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex">Canberra</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Flight_Operations_Facility" title="Space Flight Operations Facility">Space Flight Operations</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Goddard_Institute_for_Space_Studies" title="Goddard Institute for Space Studies">Goddard Institute for Space Studies</a></li>

<li><a href="Katherine_Johnson_Independent_Verification_and_Validation_Facility" title="Katherine Johnson Independent Verification and Validation Facility">Katherine Johnson Independent Verification and Validation Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Michoud_Assembly_Facility" title="Michoud Assembly Facility">Michoud Assembly Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Santa_Susana_Field_Laboratory" title="Santa Susana Field Laboratory">Santa Susana Field Laboratory</a></li>

<li><a href="Fort_Sumner_Municipal_Airport#NASA_use" title="Fort Sumner Municipal Airport">Scientific Balloon Flight Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="Wallops_Flight_Facility" title="Wallops Flight Facility">Wallops Flight Facility</a></li>

<li><a href="White_Sands_Test_Facility" title="White Sands Test Facility">White Sands Test Facility</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral Space Force Station</a>

<ul><li><a href="Mercury_Control_Center" title="Mercury Control Center">Mercury Control Center</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Morehead_Planetarium_and_Science_Center" title="Morehead Planetarium and Science Center">Morehead Planetarium and Science Center</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NASA578" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="NASA578" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Space_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Space policy of the United States">Policy</a> and history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">History<br>(<a href="Creation_of_NASA" title="Creation of NASA">creation</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Act" title="National Aeronautics and Space Act">National Aeronautics and Space Act</a> (1958)</li>

<li><a href="Space_Task_Group" title="Space Task Group">Space Task Group</a> (1958)</li>

<li><a href="Thomas_O._Paine#National_Commission_on_Space" title="Thomas O. Paine">Paine</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">Rogers</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Space_Exploration_Initiative" title="Space Exploration Initiative">Space Exploration Initiative</a> (1989)</li>

<li><a href="Augustine_Committee" title="Augustine Committee">Augustine</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="Space_policy_of_the_United_States#Clinton_administration" title="Space policy of the United States">U.S. National Space Policy</a> (1996)</li>

<li><a href="Commission_on_the_Future_of_the_United_States_Aerospace_Industry" title="Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry">CFUSAI</a> (2002)</li>

<li><a href="Vision_for_Space_Exploration" title="Vision for Space Exploration">Vision for Space Exploration</a> (2004)</li>

<li><a href="President's_Commission_on_Implementation_of_United_States_Space_Exploration_Policy" title="President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy">Aldridge</a> (2004)</li>

<li><a href="Review_of_United_States_Human_Space_Flight_Plans_Committee" title="Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee">Augustine</a> (2009)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_administrators_and_deputy_administrators_of_NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="List of administrators and deputy administrators of NASA">Administrator and Deputy Administrator</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Chief_Scientist" title="NASA Chief Scientist">Chief Scientist</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Astronaut_Corps" title="NASA Astronaut Corps">Astronaut Corps</a>

<ul><li><a href="Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Ranks and positions</a></li>

<li><a href="Chief_of_the_Astronaut_Office" title="Chief of the Astronaut Office">Chief</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Budget_of_NASA" title="Budget of NASA">Budget</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_research" title="NASA research">NASA research</a>

<ul><li><a href="NASA_spinoff_technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA spinoff technologies">spinoff technologies</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Social" title="NASA Social">NASA Social</a></li>

<li><a href="Launch_Services_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch Services Program">Launch Services Program</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury_Control_Center" title="Mercury Control Center">Mercury Control Center</a></li>

<li><a href="Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_48" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 48">Launch Complex 48</a></li>

<li><a href="Operations_and_Checkout_Building" title="Operations and Checkout Building">Operations and Checkout Building</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a>

<ul><li><a href="Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Mission Control</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Sample_Laboratory_Facility" title="Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility">Lunar Sample Laboratory</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Science_Mission_Directorate" title="Science Mission Directorate">Science Mission Directorate</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a><br>programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">X-15</a> (<a href="Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Project_Mercury" title="Project Mercury">Mercury</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Gemini" title="Project Gemini">Gemini</a></li>

<li><a href="Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a></li>

<li><a href="Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a></li>

<li><a href="Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a> (with the <a href="Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet space program</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle</a></li>

<li><a href="Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir_program" title="Shuttle–Mir program">Shuttle–<i>Mir</i></a> (with <a href="Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Constellation_program" title="Constellation program">Constellation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="International_Space_Station_programme" title="International Space Station programme">International Space Station</a></li>

<li><a href="Commercial_Orbital_Transportation_Services" title="Commercial Orbital Transportation Services">Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Commercial_Crew_Program" title="Commercial Crew Program">Commercial Crew</a></li>

<li><a href="Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a></li>

<li><a href="Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Gateway" title="Lunar Gateway">Lunar Gateway</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Robotic_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotic spacecraft">Robotic</a> programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Hitchhiker_Program" title="Hitchhiker Program">Hitchhiker</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_program" title="Mariner program">Mariner</a></li>

<li><a href="Mariner_Mark_II" title="Mariner Mark II">Mariner Mark II</a></li>

<li><a href="MESUR" title="MESUR">MESUR</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Surveyor_'98" title="Mars Surveyor '98">Mars Surveyor '98</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Millennium_Program" title="New Millennium Program">New Millennium</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter</a></li>

<li><a href="Pioneer_program" title="Pioneer program">Pioneer</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_Observer_program" title="Planetary Observer program">Planetary Observer</a></li>

<li><a href="Ranger_program" title="Ranger program">Ranger</a></li>

<li><a href="Surveyor_program" title="Surveyor program">Surveyor</a></li>

<li><a href="Viking_program" title="Viking program">Viking</a></li>

<li><a href="Project_Prometheus" title="Project Prometheus">Project Prometheus</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Exploration_Program" title="Mars Exploration Program">Mars Exploration</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Living_With_a_Star" title="Living With a Star">Living With a Star</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" title="Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor Robotic Program</a></li>

<li><a href="Earth_Observing_System" title="Earth Observing System">Earth Observing System</a></li>

<li><a href="Great_Observatories_program" title="Great Observatories program">Great Observatories program</a></li>

<li><a href="Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">Explorers</a></li>

<li><a href="Voyager_program" title="Voyager program">Voyager</a></li>

<li><a href="Discovery_Program" title="Discovery Program">Discovery</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Frontiers_program" title="New Frontiers program">New Frontiers</a></li>

<li><a href="Solar_Terrestrial_Probes_program" title="Solar Terrestrial Probes program">Solar Terrestrial Probes</a></li>

<li><a href="Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">Commercial Lunar Payload Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_Innovative_Missions_for_Planetary_Exploration" title="Small Innovative Missions for Planetary Exploration">SIMPLEx</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Individual featured<br> <a href="List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">missions</a><br>(human and robotic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury-Redstone_3" title="Mercury-Redstone 3">Mercury 3</a></li>

<li><a href="Mercury-Atlas_6" title="Mercury-Atlas 6">Mercury-Atlas 6</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Magellan_(spacecraft)" title="Magellan (spacecraft)">Magellan</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Pioneer_10" title="Pioneer 10">Pioneer 10</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Pioneer_11" title="Pioneer 11">Pioneer 11</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Galileo_project" title="Galileo project"><i>Galileo</i></a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Galileo_(spacecraft)" title="Timeline of Galileo (spacecraft)">timeline</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="GALEX" title="GALEX">GALEX</a></li>

<li><a href="GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li>

<li><a href="Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer Space Telescope</a></li>

<li><a href="Sojourner_(rover)" title="Sojourner (rover)"><i>Sojourner</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li>

<li><i><a href="MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Aquarius_(SAC-D_instrument)" title="Aquarius (SAC-D instrument)">Aquarius</a></li>

<li><a href="Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens" title="Cassini–Huygens"><i>Cassini</i></a></li>

<li><a href="Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler space telescope</a></li>

<li><a href="Opportunity_(rover)" title="Opportunity (rover)"><i>Opportunity</i> rover</a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Opportunity" title="Timeline of Opportunity">timeline</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_surface_features_of_Mars_visited_by_Spirit_and_Opportunity" title="List of surface features of Mars visited by Spirit and Opportunity">observed</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">RHESSI</a></li>

<li><i><a href="InSight" title="InSight">InSight</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Ingenuity_(helicopter)" title="Ingenuity (helicopter)"><i>Ingenuity</i> helicopter</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_Ingenuity_flights" title="List of Ingenuity flights">flights</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Currently<br>operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="2001_Mars_Odyssey" title="2001 Mars Odyssey">2001 Mars Odyssey</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i></li>

<li><a href="International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li>

<li><a href="Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope"><i>Hubble</i> Space Telescope</a></li>

<li><a href="Chandra_X-ray_Observatory" title="Chandra X-ray Observatory"><i>Chandra</i> X-ray Observatory</a></li>

<li><a href="Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory"><i>Swift</i></a></li>

<li><a href="THEMIS" title="THEMIS">THEMIS</a></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li>

<li><a href="Curiosity_(rover)" title="Curiosity (rover)"><i>Curiosity</i> rover</a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Mars Science Laboratory">Mars Science Laboratory</a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="MAVEN" title="MAVEN">MAVEN</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="OSIRIS-REx" title="OSIRIS-REx">OSIRIS-APEX</a></i></li>

<ul><li><a href="Perseverance_(rover)" title="Perseverance (rover)"><i>Perseverance</i> rover</a></li>

<li><a href="Timeline_of_Mars_2020" title="Timeline of Mars 2020">timeline</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope"><i>James Webb</i> Space Telescope</a>

<ul><li><a href="Timeline_of_the_James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="Timeline of the James Webb Space Telescope">timeline</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="NISAR_(satellite)" title="NISAR (satellite)">NISAR</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope" title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope"><i>Nancy Grace Roman</i> Space Telescope</a></li>

<li><i><a href="DAVINCI" title="DAVINCI">DAVINCI</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="VERITAS_(spacecraft)" title="VERITAS (spacecraft)">VERITAS</a></i></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="Space_Communications_and_Navigation_Program" title="Space Communications and Navigation Program">Communications<br>and navigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Near_Earth_Network" title="Near Earth Network">Near Earth Network</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Network" title="Space Network">Space Network</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_Deep_Space_Network" title="NASA Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a> (<a href="Goldstone_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex">Goldstone</a></li>

<li><a href="Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid</a></li>

<li><a href="Canberra_Deep_Space_Communication_Complex" title="Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex">Canberra</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Flight_Operations_Facility" title="Space Flight Operations Facility">Space Flight Operations Facility</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Deep_Space_Atomic_Clock" title="Deep Space Atomic Clock">Deep Space Atomic Clock</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Astronaut" title="Astronaut">Astronauts</a>

<li><a href="List_of_Gemini_astronauts" title="List of Gemini astronauts">Gemini astronauts</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">Apollo astronauts</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">Space Shuttle crews</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_NASA_aircraft" title="List of NASA aircraft">NASA aircraft</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">NASA missions</a>

<ul><li><a href="List_of_uncrewed_NASA_missions" title="List of uncrewed NASA missions">uncrewed missions</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Apollo_missions" title="List of Apollo missions">Apollo missions</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="List_of_rockets_of_the_United_States" title="List of rockets of the United States">United States rockets</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_NASA_cancellations" title="List of NASA cancellations">NASA cancellations</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_NASA_cameras_on_spacecraft" title="List of NASA cameras on spacecraft">NASA cameras on spacecraft</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA images<br>and artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Earthrise" title="Earthrise">Earthrise</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Family_Portrait_(Voyager)" title="Family Portrait (Voyager)">Family Portrait</a></i>

<li><i><a href="Pillars_of_Creation" title="Pillars of Creation">Pillars of Creation</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Mystic_Mountain" title="Mystic Mountain">Mystic Mountain</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Family_Portrait_(MESSENGER)" title="Family Portrait (MESSENGER)"><i>Solar System Family Portrait</i></a></li>

<li><i><a href="The_Day_the_Earth_Smiled" title="The Day the Earth Smiled">The Day the Earth Smiled</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Fallen_Astronaut" title="Fallen Astronaut">Fallen Astronaut</a></i></li>

<li><a href="List_of_deep_fields" title="List of deep fields">Deep fields</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_plaque" title="Lunar plaque">Lunar plaques</a></li>

<li><a href="Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaques</a></li>

<li><a href="Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a></li>

<li><a href="Apollo_11_goodwill_messages" title="Apollo 11 goodwill messages">Apollo 11 goodwill messages</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_insignia" title="NASA insignia">NASA insignia</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_space-flown_Gemini_and_Apollo_medallions" title="NASA space-flown Gemini and Apollo medallions">Gemini and Apollo medallions</a></li>

<li><a href="Mission_patch" title="Mission patch">Mission patches</a></li>

<li><a href="Astronomy_Picture_of_the_Day" title="Astronomy Picture of the Day">Astronomy Picture of the Day</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_Hubble_Space_Telescope_anniversary_images" title="List of Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images">Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>"<a href="We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon" title="We choose to go to the Moon">We choose to go to the Moon</a>"</li>

<li><a href="Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Apollo 8 Genesis reading</a></li>

<li><a href="Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident" title="Apollo 15 postal covers incident">Apollo 15 postal covers incident</a></li>

<li><a href="Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></li>

<li><a href="Space_Mirror_Memorial" title="Space Mirror Memorial">Space Mirror Memorial</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Astronaut_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="The Astronaut Monument">The Astronaut Monument</a></li>

<li><a href="Lunar_sample_displays" title="Lunar sample displays">Lunar sample displays</a>

<ul><li><a href="Moon_rock" title="Moon rock">Moon rocks</a></li>

<li><a href="Stolen_and_missing_Moon_rocks" title="Stolen and missing Moon rocks">stolen or missing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="United_States_Astronaut_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Astronaut Hall of Fame">U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame</a></li>

<li><a href="U.S._space_exploration_history_on_U.S._stamps" title="U.S. space exploration history on U.S. stamps">Space program on U.S. stamps</a></li>

<li><a href="Fe%2C_Fi%2C_Fo%2C_Fum%2C_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Apollo 17 Moon mice</a></li>

<li><a href="Monkeys_and_apes_in_space#United_States" title="Monkeys and apes in space">Other primates in space</a></li>

<li><a href="NASA_International_Space_Apps_Challenge" title="NASA International Space Apps Challenge">NASA International Space Apps Challenge</a></li>

<li><a href="Astronauts_Day" title="Astronauts Day">Astronauts Day</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Astronaut_Day" title="National Astronaut Day">National Astronaut Day</a></li>

<li><a href="Nikon_NASA_F4" title="Nikon NASA F4">Nikon NASA F4</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div>

<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>

<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:NASA" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:NASA"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

</p></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-22" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Launch_Control_Center&oldid=1296879595">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>